天坛英语导游词要怎么写呢?一起来看看小编的今日分享吧。
天坛英语导游词包括三个部分,首先介绍一下景点的历史背景和地理环境,让大家对景点有个简单的了解。然后详细介绍景点的特色,比如景点的历史文化、故事和景点的建造和规模等。最后呼吁大家爱护景点的环境,并欢迎大家下次再来参观。
天坛英语导游词范文1
Dear tourists
hello everyone!
Today we are going to visit the temple of heaven, the place where theemperor worshiped heaven.
The temple of heaven is a sacred hall built by Emperor Yongle of MingDynasty. The main building is the Great Hall of worship, which is today's Hallof praying for new year. The temple of heaven has two walls: the outer wall andthe inner wall. During the reign of Emperor Qianlong, the Great Hall of worshipwas changed into the present Hall of praying for the new year, and the roof waschanged into blue glazed tiles, forming the world's largest architecturalcomplex of worshipping heaven.
In 1860, the holy land for worshiping heaven was looted by the British andFrench allied forces, and in 1900, it was ravaged by the Eight Power Alliedforces. After the founding of new China, it became a famous tourist attraction,as well as a lot of fitness people.
Now let's start our tour along the route that the emperor ascended thealtar.
Now we are going south along the central axis of the temple of heaven. Whatwe are going to see is the Circular Mound Altar where the ancient emperorsoffered sacrifices to heaven. Yuanqiu altar has two walls, which are squareoutside and round inside, in line with the statement that the sky is round andthe place is round. Each wall has four groups of doors, the size of the doorsare not the same, this is because the middle door is dedicated to the emperor,so tall, the emperor can only enter from the left side.
Other officials can only pass through the smallest door on the right. Whenwe come to the bottom of Yuanqiu altar, we are going to climb it soon. Butplease count how many steps there are on each level. When you get to the top,you will find that all the orders on the altar are nine or multiples of nine.Are these all coincidences? Of course not, because the ancients believed thatthe number of the extreme Yang of nine. So the craftsmen used this number togive the altar the meaning of "Loftiness".
Thank you for coming to the temple of heaven in Beijing. Welcome to comeagain next time!
天坛英语导游词范文2
Hello, everyone. I'm your guide. In the next few days, you can just call meseason guide. First of all, welcome to this beautiful and magnificent temple ofheaven! Today we mainly visit the Qigu altar, Qinian hall, Yuanqiu altar,zhaigong and other places of interest. When visiting, please throw the garbageinto the dustbin, or carry plastic bags, strive to be civilized tourists!
In fact, the temple of heaven is the place for the Ming and Qing emperorsto "worship heaven" and "pray for the valley", which is located in the east ofZhengyang gate. The altar is round in the north and square in the south, whichmeans "round heaven and round place". Neitan, where we are now, is divided intoNorth and south parts. Tourists, look at the building in the north. It's called"Qigu altar". It is said that in the Qing and Ming Dynasties, because theproductivity was very low at that time and the harvest was controlled by God, aspecial "grain praying altar" was built in the north to pray for a good harvest.Every year, the emperor prayed to God in spring to give the world a goodharvest.
Please follow me. We are now at the "Hall of praying for new year" in thecenter of the inner altar. It is located on a three story round stone platformtomb. It is a round hall with triple eaves, 38 meters high and 30 meters indiameter. The three halls have dark blue glazed tiles, which are reduced layerby layer and radiate in shape. The top is crowned with a huge gilded top. Thishall has great artistic value in architecture and modeling. The white platformsymbolizes white clouds, the dark blue ceiling symbolizes the sky, and thepillars, colored paintings and gilded ceiling symbolize the rosy clouds. All ofthese make a beautiful shape of blue sky and jade world.
Tourists, look at this magnificent building in the south, the "round MoundAltar", which is specially used to worship heaven on the winter solstice. Thecentral building is a huge round stone platform called "round mound". The totallength between the two altars is 360 meters, which is higher than the groundcorridor. The Danbi bridge is connected to form a 1200 meter long north-southaxis of the temple of heaven, with a large area of ancient Berlin on bothsides.
Through the corridor, we see the building is the "Zhai Palace" on the southside of the west gate. It is said to be the residence of the emperor duringfasting before praying. "Zhaigong" also got its name.
After listening to my introduction, you must want to enjoy the beautifulscenery of the temple of heaven carefully, take photos and leave a message. Thefollowing time is for you, you have enough time to swim. One hour later, we arestill gathering here. I hope you will observe the time and keep the gardenclean. See you later!
天坛英语导游词范文3
hello everyone.
I'm Liu Xueqi, the guide of the temple of heaven in Beijing. You can callme Liu. Today I will accompany you on a tour of the temple of heaven inBeijing.
What we see now is the temple of heaven. The temple of heaven is the placewhere the emperors of Ming and Qing Dynasties worship heaven and pray forharvest. It is also the largest existing temple in China. The temple of heavenis 1700 meters long from east to west and 1600 meters long from south to north.With a total area of 2.73 million square meters, there are outer altar wall andinner altar wall. The north side is round, and the south side is square,symbolizing "a round sky and a round place".
Now please follow me inside. Here is the hall of praying for new year. Itis 38.2 meters high and 24.2 meters in diameter. It faces south from the north.The whole hall is made of wood. Four golden dragons are carved in it,representing the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter. The restrepresent twelve months and twelve hours.
Further inside is the echo wall, which is made of polished bricks andcovered with blue glass tiles. The echo wall has a peculiar echo effect. Whenone person talks against the wall and reaches the other end of one or twohundred meters, the other side can hear it clearly, which can be called strangeand interesting, creating a mysterious atmosphere of "interaction between heavenand man". Let's have a try.
Please look at the outside of Huiyin wall. It's a cypress over 500 yearsold. Because the texture of the trunk is very strange, it looks like ninedragons winding around and playing, so it's called Jiulong cypress. You can takea picture with it.
Dear tourists, today's one-day tour of the temple of heaven in Beijing iscoming to an end. Do you have a good time? I hope I can be a tour guide for younext time.
以上就是小编今日的分享了,希望可以帮助到大家。
圆明园12兽首回归中国,到底花了多少钱?一场围剿中国的资本炒作
在阅读此文前,诚邀您点击一下“关注”,既方便您进行讨论与分享,又给您带来不一样的参与感,感谢您的支持。
英法联军火烧圆明园,大概是所有中国人的痛。大量国宝流失海外,更是痛上加痛。而流失文物中,就有圆明园12生肖兽首。
国宝回归,是所有中国人的愿望。但你知道它们的回归之路有多难吗?到底花了多少钱?为何被当成围剿中国的资本炒作?今天咱们就来讲讲。
(圆明园12兽首)
一、马首飞涨,1500美元买进,6910万港币卖给国人2020年12月1日,一场备受关注的回归仪式,在北京举行。那一天,12兽首中的马首正式回归,成为圆明园第一件回归文物。
圆明园被抢被毁160年后,终于迎来一个新开始。马首的回归,是一件振奋人心的消息,对圆明园、对中国来说,意义非凡。
(马首回归圆明园)
它代表圆明园的荣辱兴衰,意味着中国的日渐强大。然而哪怕中国如此强大了,马首的回归之路依旧坎坷。
时间来到1985年,美国一古董商在拜访老兵时,偶然发现了三尊兽首,分别是牛首、马首和虎首。
据老兵说,他当年去过北京圆明园,还坐过中国皇帝才能享受的龙椅。而这三尊兽首,就是那个时候带回来的。
在老兵看来,三件青铜器而已,没什么大不了的。于是牛首被固定在了洗手间,用于挂毛巾。而马首和虎首则随意放在外面,任凭风吹日晒。
(牛首)
古董商看到这,顿时明白机会来了。连哄带骗下,以每座1500美元的价格,买到了三尊兽首。对国宝来说,这简直是想都不敢想的超低价。
古董商买下三尊兽首,自然也是为了谋利。相较于老兵,他懂得要多一点,明白古董想卖出高价,还是得在拍卖会上。
于是在不到五年的时间里,三尊兽首相继被拍。其中价格最高的就是马首,卖了25万美元。
(兽首被展览)
1500美元买进,转手就卖了25万美元,马首身价涨了100倍不止。即便如此,这个价格也不算离谱。可惜那时中国消息闭塞,根本不知道兽首现身,也就错过了低价买进的机会。
等中国得知消息的时候,资本已经开始运作,兽首的价格是一路飞涨。
2007年,香港苏富比拍卖公司发布消息,将以“八国联军-圆明园遗物”为主题,拍卖12兽首中的马首。
(马首)
那个时候,中国经济正在腾飞,对各界也很关注。马首一经现世,就引起了我国广泛关注。马首是我国瑰宝,被外国人抢走不说,还以国耻为主题公开拍卖。对国人来说,绝对是一大耻辱。
于是民众哗然,坚决反对拍卖行对马首的公开拍卖。然而拍卖行硬是顶住了压力,非要拍卖马首。
关键时刻,赌王何鸿燊出面了。他知道国家不愿意马首被公开拍卖,于是直接找到拍卖行,以6910万港币的价格买下马首,又在2019年无偿捐给国家。
(何鸿燊与马首合影)
从1985年的1500美元,到90年代的25万美元,再到2007年的6910万港币(约为800多万美元),22年时间,马首的价格涨了数千倍。
二、一场针对中国的资本炒作马首真的值这么多钱吗?在很多人看来,值!它是无价之宝。而说它值这么多钱,主要是因为12兽首意义非凡,代表着那段屈辱的岁月。它的回归,昭示着中国国力的腾飞。
但也有一部分人认为,仅从文物本身价值来看,它是不值那么多钱的。
(火烧圆明园 画)
不可否认,圆明园12兽首是清代青铜器中的精品。它们铸工精细,内蕴精光,历经百年而不锈蚀,极具收藏价值。
12兽首由意大利人郎世宁设计,兼具中西美感,代表了大清国力的强盛。而且这种铸造工艺已经失传,使得12兽首成了绝品,价值自然不同。
尤其是12兽首中的马首,做工逼真,分毫毕现,经X光检测后发现,它是一体化铸造而成。在那个年代能有这样的工艺,实在令人惊叹!
(12兽首喷水画面)
然而再怎么惊叹,我们也不能否认,马首最初的功能,也只是个“水龙头”,是个建筑构件。离开了建筑,它的价值又能高到哪去?
可能有人不清楚,12兽首怎么会是水龙头?
其实12兽首铸造于乾隆盛世,人身兽首,坐落在圆明园海晏堂。其中兽首为铜铸,人身为石刻,内部连同水管,它们以水报时,堪称海晏堂的建筑精华。
(圆明园被毁前)
12生肖铜像代表着12个时辰,如鼠代表子时、牛代表丑时、虎代表寅时等等,每到工作时间,铜像就会自动喷水。
一看哪座铜像喷水了,就知道当时是什么时辰,因此12生肖铜像也被称为“水力钟”。
而马首又被称作午马,工作时间在午时。而这个时候呢?12铜像会一起喷水,再加上不同寻常的铸造工艺,马首的价值要更高。
然而价值再高,设计再精巧,一旦离开了建筑,离开了本来功能,它的价值也都大打折扣了。
就如中国文物学会副会长李晓东所说,12兽首不像一副宋代很有名的画,或者是一尊商代很完整的青铜器,有很独立的价值。它们的价格完全是被炒作起来的,并不能反映文物本身的价值。
(兽首喷水画面)
那么12兽首的价格是怎么炒上去的呢?这从马首的遭遇就能看出来。最初的时候,被美国老兵当成装饰品,任凭它风水日晒。
在没有与国耻扯上关系的时候,哪怕拍卖,也只能拍出25万美元。当然九十年代的25万美元也不少,但这个价格不算离谱啊!
(牛首、虎首、猴首)
直到2000年,牛首、虎首、猴首现身香港拍卖会。彼时,香港刚刚回归,中国与国际的联系越来越密切。
那个时候,国人对文物的关注度还是很大的。而这次拍卖会,是圆明园被抢掠140年后,中国第一次得到兽首下落。
消息传出,国内民情激愤,强烈要求文物回归。
(中国保利集团)
于是,我国派出保利集团竞拍。或许也是这一次竞拍,让资本看到了中国追回12兽首的决心。打那之后,12兽首的价格是一路走高。
最先开始拍卖的猴首,起拍价200万,保利集团拿到手花了740万。
接着是牛首,也是200万的起拍价,最后被我国700万拍下。
接连两尊兽首都被中国拍得,就有资本动歪心思了,12兽首对中国是不是很重要呢?
于是三天之后的虎首拍卖,起拍价直接变成了300万。起拍价高就不说了,中间竞标的还多了,最后成交时,保利集团付出了1400万的天价,比三天前翻了一倍。
(虎首)
然而事情到了这里,仅仅是个开始。此后,圆明园12兽首的价格连年翻倍,直到了一个让人望而生畏的地步。
三、资本运作,兽首涨价1.2万倍虽说兽首价格高走,但因为意义非凡,我国还是想购回的,于是就开始四处打听了。
2003年初,中华抢救流失海外文物专项基金得到了猪首下落。工作人员立刻飞抵美国,与收藏家谈判。最后,美国收藏家倒是答应了转让,但在价格上一点不肯松口。
文物被抢是一痛,需要高价买回,就是另一痛了。那个时候,国家正在发展,到处都要钱,哪有那么多资金赎买文物?
这时候,赌王何鸿燊出面了。直接拿出600多万买下猪首,并捐给了国家。
(猪首)
到了2007年,何鸿燊再度出手,以6910万港币买下马首,并捐给了国家。不得不说,这也是位爱国商人。
2009年,兔首、鼠首现身法国佳士得拍卖会。其实早在2003年,我国就已经得到这两尊兽首下落,但收藏者看到了中国收回兽首的决心,于是狮子大开口,要价1000万美元。
这么大一笔钱,早已超过兽首本身的价值,我国自然不肯。更何况兽首是被这些侵略者抢走的,如今不归还不说,还漫天要价,实在是无耻。
那时候,兔首、鼠首的持有者,是YSL创始人伊夫圣罗兰。这人身家不菲,根本不急着卖藏品,于是事情陷入了僵局。
(兔首、鼠首)
直到2009年,伊夫圣罗兰离世,他收藏的700多件藏品,被送到了法国佳士得公司拍卖。而这其中,就包括了兔首、鼠首。
这些资本知道中国人对兽首的坚持,直接把鼠首起拍价定为900万欧元,兔首1000万欧元,简直是贪得无厌。
面对中国的指责,法国人是一点不在乎。只要能获利,他们才不管是不是无耻呢?于是在众多斥责声中,拍卖会如期举行。
(伊夫圣罗兰(中))
事情到这里,中国算是进入了进退两难的地步。这两尊兽首,我们确实想要。但当它的价格远远超过价值时,我们是否要为其出价呢?买了觉得亏,不买的话国宝会继续流失,该怎么办呢?
此时有个叫蔡铭超的中国收藏家出现了,分别以1400万欧元的价格,拍下了兔首、鼠首,折合人民币总计约2.7亿。
(蔡铭超)
相较于1985年马首的1500美元,短短24年,圆明园兽首铜像直接涨了1.2万倍。
这样的涨幅,简直是不能想象。12兽首如果不是和圆明园有关,和英法联军侵华有关,怎么也不可能拍出这样的天价,充其量是个做工精湛的建筑构件。
于是就有国人清醒了,中国拍卖行业协会副秘书长郑鑫尧认为, 1400万欧元的价格,远远超过文物本身的价值。所以国人要提高警惕,有人利用我们的民族情感恶意炒作。
(《拍卖报》主编 郑鑫尧)
而国家博物馆副馆长陈履生表示,对于文物的追讨,重要的是要回归理性,回归国际法则。
四、买主拒付款,文物追讨回归理性正当国人忧心忡忡之时,转折来了。拍下兔首、鼠首的蔡铭超直接拒付款,导致兽首流拍。其实兽首本就是中国的,我们为什么要付钱?还是远超市场价值的一笔钱!
(蔡铭超)
但法国人才不管,他们恨死了蔡铭超,一时间,各种攻击纷纷袭来,誓要把蔡铭超钉在耻辱柱上。
然而,在这场流拍事故里,法国真的全然无辜吗?蔡铭超纵然不诚信,但法国人也无耻。抓住中国追讨流失文物的决心,漫天要价,被反击了又有什么奇怪?
兽首流拍事件迅速发酵,很快,卖家YSL公司深陷舆论风波。毕竟能干出漫天要价的事,可见公司高层也不咋聪明。
为了平息风波,YSL母公司开云集团出手了。这家集团的掌舵者是法国皮诺家族,买下兔首、鼠首后,于2013年无偿捐给了中国。目前,这两尊兽首被收藏在中国国家博物馆。
(中国国家博物馆)
事情到了这里,12兽首中已有7尊回归,分别是鼠、牛、虎、兔、马、猴、猪。为了迎回这些兽首,国人付出了很多心血。
鼠、兔是流拍风波后,皮诺家族捐给中国的。但仅拍卖价格,每尊就达到了1400万欧元。
马、猪是爱国商人何鸿燊捐献的。其中马首6910万港币,猪首600多万元。
而买回牛首,保利集团花了700万;买回猴首,保利集团付出了740万。为了虎首,保利集团又付出1400万天价。
(猴首)
时至如今,还有5尊兽首流落在外,分别是龙、蛇、羊、鸡、狗。这5尊兽首身在何方?是否能全部回归?
据深圳卫视2009年报道,龙首被收藏在台湾。不过2018年时,龙首疑似现身法国一小型拍卖会,最终被一华人以2400万价格买走,至今下落不明。
关于狗首,美国《世界日报》于2009年有报道,有个叫郑安迪的华人,在美国旧货商店发现一狗首铜像。最终以1000美元购得,至于是不是圆明园中的狗首,郑安迪也不能确定,因为他没财力做鉴定。
而蛇首、羊首、鸡首,自流失海外后,就一直下落不明,至今没丁点消息。
(12兽首)
聚齐圆明园12兽首,相信是每个中国人的共同愿望。毕竟它代表着中国曾经的国耻,于中国有着非一般的情怀。
可惜这样的情怀,被外国资本当成了交易板上的肥肉,爆发了一次又一次针对中国的资本炒作。
时至如今,我们仍希望12兽首回归。但至于能不能成功,何时能成功,似乎也没觉得那么迫切了。
毕竟聚齐12兽首,算是一种圆满。但聚不齐也没关系,这是在提醒我们,落后就要挨打,中国已经被抢过一次,决不能出现第二次!