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英美外刊原著研习社：To Kill a Mockingbird/杀死一只知更鸟
作者：Jessie
来源：英美外刊原著研习社
微信平台编辑：周悦
TA-DAH!~~又到了每周一期的好书推荐时刻啦~~在上期分享的推文中小编惊喜的看到各位有心的读者小伙伴们的留言，感谢大家的关注和陪伴
本期给大家推荐的是《To Kill a Mockingbird》，中文名《杀死一只知更鸟》，没读过这本书的朋友可能以为这本书讲的会是一个关于怎样枪杀一只鸟的故事，但当你翻开这本书时，会发现这是一本关于一个美国南方小镇的故事，一个关于批判社会性人权正义的故事。
【AR】: 15.0 【作品类型】长篇小说
1961年荣获普利策奖
注：AR：是评估书籍的语言难度级别，小伙伴可以通过查看每本书的AR难度系数来决定是否阅读。
作品类型：书籍分类，方便读者挑选符合自己感兴趣的题材
作品简介：此部分是书籍大致内容介绍，提前感知书籍内容
阅读体验：小编阅读书籍的难易度，文笔，作品感受等。
作品简介
故事是以一个小女孩Scout的口吻来描述的。小女孩叫路易斯·斯库特·芬奇（Jean Louise “Scout” Finch）。她有一个哥哥叫杰姆·阿提克斯·芬奇(Jeremy Atticus Finch)。他们出生在梅康镇里的一个中产家庭里。故事的主角就是他们的父亲，阿提克斯·芬奇（Atticus Finch）。阿提克斯是一位具有道德和正义感的优秀律师。在对一双子女的教育上，他也努力想把这些美好品质言传身教给兄妹俩。
小说中的一条主线就是黑人汤姆·鲁滨逊被指控强奸了一名白人女子。而事实的真相是白人女孩想要勾引黑人，被其父（鲍伯·尤厄尔）撞见，为了维系脸面，鲍伯·尤厄尔和女儿谎称女孩遭到黑人强奸，并把黑人告上了法庭。
阿提克斯·芬奇接受法院的委派，为黑人汤姆辩护。在当地，歧视黑人的现象十分严重，芬奇的行为自然引起了小镇上许多存有种族歧视观念的人的不满，但芬奇并不在意人们的抗议。
法庭上，芬奇证明罗宾逊的左手自小伤残，根本没有能力对他人施暴，要求法庭判他无罪，并且义正辞严地呼吁人们要尊重事实。然而在一系列事实面前，种族偏见极深的检察官和陪审团仍然偏信原告，执意要判罗宾逊有罪。
事情并没有就此结束，持种族偏见的一些白人进而对芬奇一家进行挑衅和恐吓。面对强暴，芬奇毫不畏缩，他仍然准备继续为罗宾逊申诉，可惜罗宾逊最终被杀。
失望的一家人被周围人责难，但痛苦更多来源于对正义的追问：这不公平，在打官司的时候，大家知道真相，但总有一部分人会赢，因为既定的无知偏见和独断的权力。父亲说，这个时候仿佛只有孩子才会哭。在他们玩弄起那两支******之时，父亲说：“你射多少只鸟都没有关系，但是记住，杀死一只知更鸟就是一桩罪恶。”因为它们只唱歌给人听，什么坏事也不做。
从作品的内容上看，知更鸟似乎与所反映的主题没有直接关系，但就其象征意义来说，知更鸟便贯穿了整部作品。知更鸟象征着天真无辜和善良的人，当你杀死知更鸟的时候，就好像在杀死善良无辜的人。知更鸟什么都没做，只不过是一种最早报晓的鸟儿，又是最后唱小夜曲的鸟儿, 除了专心歌唱，什么都不做。而人们却对其无端的残害。小说中的许多人物都和知更鸟的命运一样，并没有做过任何坏事却被人伤害。
阅读体验
一个社会的病，一个种族的痛，一段历史的荒谬，就这样透过一个时不时还会爬到父亲怀里撒娇的孩子的眼睛来告诉读者，没有深奥的用词，也没有复杂的心理描写，但超脱文字以外，是一种无声的、沉重的拷问。
小说语言风格在开始时十分儿童化、幽默、怀旧、天真，但随着情节的发展，逐渐变得晦暗、批判社会性。小说多次运用到哥特式细节描写，情节吸引，让人打开书就想立马知道故事的结局。
精彩内容欣赏：节选自章节-Chapter 31
We came to the street light on the corner, and I wondered how many times Dill hadstood there hugging the fat pole, watching, waiting, hoping. I wondered how many timesJem and I had made this journey, but I entered the Radley front gate for the second timein my life. Boo and I walked up the steps to the porch. His fingers found the frontdoorknob. He gently released my hand, opened the door, went inside, and shut the doorbehind him. I never saw him again.
Neighbors bring food with death and flowers with sickness and little things in between.
Boo was our neighbor. He gave us two soap dolls, a broken watch and chain, a pair ofgood-luck pennies, and our lives. But neighbors give in return. We never put back intothe tree what we took out of it: we had given him nothing, and it made me sad.
I turned to go home. Street lights winked down the street all the way to town. I hadnever seen our neighborhood from this angle. There were Miss Maudie’s, MissStephanie’s—there was our house, I could see the porch swing—Miss Rachel’s housewas beyond us, plainly visible. I could even see Mrs. Dubose’s.
I looked behind me. To the left of the brown door was a long shuttered window. Iwalked to it, stood in front of it, and turned around. In daylight, I thought, you could seeto the postoffice corner.
Daylight… in my mind, the night faded. It was daytime and the neighborhood wasbusy. Miss Stephanie Crawford crossed the street to tell the latest to Miss Rachel. MissMaudie bent over her azaleas. It was summertime, and two children scampered downthe sidewalk toward a man approaching in the distance. The man waved, and thechildren raced each other to him.
It was still summertime, and the children came closer. A boy trudged down thesidewalk dragging a fishingpole behind him. A man stood waiting with his hands on hiships. Summertime, and his children played in the front yard with their friend, enacting astrange little drama of their own invention.
It was fall, and his children fought on the sidewalk in front of Mrs. Dubose’s. The boyhelped his sister to her feet, and they made their way home. Fall, and his children trottedto and fro around the corner, the day’s woes and triumphs on their faces. They stoppedat an oak tree, delighted, puzzled, apprehensive.
Winter, and his children shivered at the front gate, silhouetted against a blazing house.
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